A1610E AE1610E on DAHDI User Manual
OpenVox Communication Co.Ltd
Contents
General Safety Instructions
Test Environments
Chapter 1 Overview
1.1 What is Asterisk
1.2 What is A1610E/AE1610E
Chapter 2 Hardware Setup
2.1 Power supply
2.2 Slot compatibility
2.3 Timing cable
2.4 FXO and FXS modules
2.5 Splitter
2.6 Hardware setup procedure
Chapter 3 Software Installation and Configuration
3.1 Download
3.2 Installation
3.3 Configuration
3.4 EC Module
Chapter 4 Reference
Appendix A Specifications
Appendix B PIN Assignments
General Safety Instructions
CAUTION
- The computers that have A1610E/AE1610E card installed must comply with the country’s specific safety regulations.
- Only service personnel should go to install A1610E/AE1610E card.
- Before installing A1610E/AE1610E card, please unplug the power cord and remove the cover from your PC.
- For avoiding personal injuries and damages to your machine and A1610E/AE1610E card, make sure bracket of the card is secured to the PC’s chassis ground by fastening the card with a screw.
- Electrical Surges, ESD are very destructive to the equipment. To avoid it, make sure there is a low impedance discharge path from your computer to chassis ground.
- To reduce the risk of damage or injury, please follow all steps or procedures as instructed.
Test Environments
CentOS-5.6
Kernel version: 2.6.18-238.12.1.el5
DAHDI: dahdi-linux-complete-current
Asterisk: 1.8.0
Hardware: OpenVox A1610E/AE1610E
Chapter 1 A(E)1610E Overview
1.1 What is Asterisk
The Definition of Asterisk is described as follows:
Asterisk is a complete PBX in software. It runs on Linux, BSD, Windows (emulated) and provides all of the features you would expect from a PBX and more. Asterisk does voice over IP in four protocols, and can interoperate with almost all standard-based telephony equipment using relatively cost-effective hardware. Asterisk provides Voicemail services with Directory, Call Conferencing, Interactive Voice Response, Call Queuing. It supports for three-way calling, caller ID services, ADSI, IAX, SIP, H323 (as both client and gateway), MGCP (call manager only) and SCCP/Skinny (voip-info.org).
Figure 1 Topology
1.2 What is A1610E/AE1610E
A1610E is a new generation analog card and AE1610E is an A1610E with Octasic® Hardware Echo Cancellation Module on board. A1610E/AE1610E is a new generation analog card with interchangeable quad-FXS and quad-FXO modules. It can eliminate the requirement for separate channel banks or access gateways.
The A1610E/AE1610E contains 4 module banks. Each bank supports one RJ-45 interface. The module banks may be filled with up to 4 quad-FXO or quad-FXS modules enabling the creation of any combination of ports. Scaling of an analog card solution is accomplished by simply adding additional cards.
A1610E/AE1610E works well with Asterisk®, Elastix®, FreeSWITCH™, PBX in a Flash, trixbox®, Yate™ and IPPBX/IVR projects as well as other Open Source and proprietary PBX, Switch, IVR, and VoIP gateway applications.
Target applications
- Channel Bank Replacement / Alternative
- Small Office Home Office (SOHO) applications
- Small and Medium Business (SMB) applications
- Gateway Termination to analog telephones/lines
Sample application
When you need 8 PSTN lines and 8 extension sets, for example, two FXO-400 modules and two FXS-400 modules should be installed. PSTN lines correspond to FXO modules which are red while extension lines correspond to FXS modules which are green.
Figure 2 Sample application
Key benefits
- Takes full advantage of Octasic hardware echo cancellation module to deliver the superior voice quality on both FXO and FXS interfaces in all 16 ports
- Adjustable interrupt routing design
- Interrupts frequency adjustment
- Up to 16 simultaneous PSTN calls (per PCIe slot)
- Compatible with all commercially available motherboards
- 3-Month “No Question Asked” return policy
- Lifetime warranty RoHS compliant
- Certificates: CE, FCC, A-Tick
- trixbox TM officially certified
- Elastix® officially certified
Features
- Caller ID and Call Waiting Caller ID
- ADSI Telephones
- Loopstart Signaling Support
Chapter 2 A(E)1610E Hardware Setup
There are some points that should be paid attention to when setting up A1610E/AE1610E.
2.1 Power supply
The board should be powered no matter what modules are installed, please connect the power source with A1610E/AE1610E board by a 4-pin power source connector.
2.2 Slot compatibility
A1610E/AE1610E is compatible with any kind of standard PCI-E ×1, ×2, ×4, ×8, ×16 slot while PCI slot is not fit for it; you should confirm your slot type and insert A1610E/AE1610E into any type of PCI-E slot as previously described.
Figure 3 PCI-E and PCI slots
2.3 Timing cable
If you have just one card in the system, all channels on that card have already run under the same clock source, so timing cable is unnecessary. But if there are more than one card, using timing cable has some advantages. Before using the clock line, each card works on its own clock, therefore precision of the clock is limited; each card will send /receive voice data at different speeds. In voice usage, this small issue can be omitted, but in data communication such as Fax/Modem, it will cause big problem. Data loss will cause communication broken or fax broken. Timing cable will force all cards to work at the same clock source, send data at the same speed, as a result no data will lost.
If you found J914 (input) and J915 (output) interfaces on the card, it means the card supports clock line, for the details, please refer to HERE.
2.4 FXO and FXS modules
FXO (Foreign eXchange Office) is the office end of the line, and FXS (Foreign eXchange Station) is the station end, there is so much difference between them, they can be identified by color, the former ones are red and the latter ones are green. FXO modules use FXS signaling while FXS modules use FXO signaling. A FXO module corresponds to four FXO interfaces which receive power (battery) and ring signals, and a FXS module corresponds to four FXS ports which provides power (battery) and generates ring signals.
2.5 Splitter
A RJ45 interface of A1610E/AE1610E is divided into four RJ11 ports by a specific splitter as the picture of Appendix B stated. So you should prepare for some splitters when install A1610E/AE1610E.
2.6 Hardware setup procedure
- Power off your PC, remember unplug the AC power cable
- Insert A1610E/AE1610E into a PCI-E slot
- Put timing cable correctly if necessary, for more details, please refer to HERE
- Fix the board by a screw
- Please plug PSTN lines into FXO ports and extension telephone lines into FXS interfaces before you have detected your PSTN line works well.
- Power on PC
Figure 4 Hardware setup
Caution: During the above processes, an ESD wrist strap is needed. Once power is on, you must not attempt to install or take down the board. Do not forget to connect PSTN lines into analog phones directly to make sure the lines are available before inserting the PSTN lines into FXO ports. After hard ware setup, it is time to install software.
Chapter 3 A(E)1610E Software Installation and Configuration
A1610E/AE1610E supports DAHDI software driver on Linux. To make full use of A1610E/AE1610E, you should download, compile, install and configure DAHDI and Asterisk.
3.1 Download
DAHDI software packages are available on openvox official website or Digium. Some patches should be added while the driver source is from Digium, therefore, it is recommended that downloading the DAHDI driver package from openvox official website.
Gain DAHDI source package from openvox:
http://downloads.openvox.cn/pub/drivers/dahdi-linux-complete/openvox_dahdi-linux-complete-current.tar.gz
Get Asterisk software package from Digium official website:
http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk/releases/asterisk-1.8.0.tar.gz
Execute the following commands under the directory of /usr/src/ in general, the former two below are used for downloading these two packages and the later two are for unzipping them.
#_wget_http://downloads.openvox.cn/pub/drivers/dahdi-linux-complete/openvox_dahdi-linux-complete-current.tar.gz
#_wget_http://downloads.asterisk.org/pub/telephony/asterisk/releases/asterisk-1.8.0.tar.gz
#_tar_-xvzf_openvox_dahdi-linux-complete-current.tar.gz
#tar –xvzf asterisk-1.8.0.tar.gz
3.2 Installation
1. Hardware detection
#lspci –vvvv
Check the outcome and confirm your system has recognized A1610E/AE1610E. If it has been recognized, “communication controller“ will be displayed in the output information like that:
Figure 5 Hardware detection
If A1610E/AE1610E is not recognized by the system, you have to power off and take out the card, then try to insert it into other PCI-E slot.
2. Software installation
Some dependencies are crucial. If any of them is absent, the software installation process would not go through successfully. Let’s run “yum install XX“ (XX stands for the dependency’s name) to check the availability of dependencies.
#yum install bison
#yum install bison-devel
#yum install ncurses
#yum install ncurses-devel
#yum install zlib
#yum install zlib-devel
#yum install openssl
#yum install openssl-devel
#yum install gnutls-devel
#yum install gcc
#yum install gcc-c++
#yum install libxml2
#yum install libxml2-devel
Notice: If there is no kernel-devel source in the system, users should run the following command to install the kernel-devel to peer current kernel:
#yum install kernel-devel-`uname –r`
While if there is no matched kernel-devel found, you should download matched RPM package to install it, or execute the following command to update to the latest and stable kernel version:
#yum install kernel kernel-devel
After installed, please reboot your machine to apply the new kernel and install the dependencies. If the dependency has been installed, system indicates that nothing to do which means you could go to next one directly. Otherwise, the system will keep on installing it.
After install the dependencies, please change to the directory dahdi-linux-complete-XX (XX represents DAHDI version), then perform the following commands one by one to install DAHDI.
#cd /usr/src/dahdi-linux-complete-XX
#make
#make install
#make config
Caution: If there is something wrong after “make“, please refer to HERE. In the url link, the moderator introduces you a method how to patch. After patching, save your changes and exit. Then run “make“ again, if successfully, you are going to install Asterisk.
#cd asterisk-1.8.0
#./configure
#make
#make install
#make samples
Notice： “ make samples“ will install the standard sample configuration file in the directory /etc/asterisk. As a freshman, you should perform make samples, that is to say, it is unnecessary to perform make samples every time. Because once performed, it will cover the old sample configuration files you have installed.
3.3 Configuration
1.Driver loading
After compiling and installing DAHDI and Asterisk, please load the driver by running:
#modprobe dahdi
#modprobe opvxa24xx opermode=CHINA
#dahdi_genconf
Notice：After running “modprobe dahdi“ or “modprobe opvxa24xx opermode=CHINA“, there is not any indication information displayed if loaded normally and successfully. opvxa24xx is the driver module name of A1610E/AE1610E. “opermode“ applies to FXO port and is invalid for FXS port, and you are allowed to take place of “CHINA“ to other mode name which is available in the file:
../dahdi-linux-XX/linux/drivers/dahdi/fxo_modules.h
If there is any error, please trace the cause. Until all errors are clear up, you could execute “dahdi_genconf“ again, and then go to the next step. By running “dahdi_genconf“, it will generate /etc/dahdi/system.conf and etc/asterisk/dahdi-channels.conf automatically. Checking whether the generated files information agrees with your hardware setup, if not, you should modify to your specific requirements. Do not forget to confirm dahdi-channels.conf is included in chan_dahdi.conf, if not, run command:
# echo “#include dahdi-channels.conf” >> /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf
FXO ports use FXS signaling, while FXS ports adopt FXO signaling. A part of system.conf which is one of the basic channel configuration files is displayed.
Figure 6 A part of system.conf
2. Country mode modification
In order to match your country pattern, you need to change parameters loadzone and defaultzone to your country. For example, your system is in CHINA, you would like them change to:
loadzone = cn
defaultzone = cn
Notice: Some zonedata is available in the file “.. /dahdi-XX/tools/zonedata.c”, you can refer to it to match your country mode. Meanwhile, you also need to modify another parameter which is in file /etc/asterisk/indications.conf.
country=cn
A part of file /etc/asterisk/dahdi-channels.conf is showed as below. (Modification, if it is not agree with the hardware setup)
Figure 7 A part of dahdi-channels.conf
After modifying the country mode, please execute the following command:
#dahdi_cfg –vvvvvv
The command is used for reading and loading parameters in the configuration file system.conf and writing to the hardware. A part of outputs are showed in the following figure.
Figure 8 Channel map
3. Asterisk initiation
#asterisk –vvvvvvvgc
If Asterisk is already activate, run “asterisk –r“ instead. In the CLI, please run the following command:
localhost*CLI> dahdi show channels
Figure 9 channels show
If DAHDI channels are found, it means they have been loaded into Asterisk. You are going to edit dialplan by your requirements.
4. Dialplan edit
Users must make sure that the context “from-pstn“ and “from-internal“ are in extensions.conf, here a simple example is given:
#vim /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf
Figure 10 dialplan show
Notice: You should write the destination number instead of the outgoing_number in the above dial plan. The dial plan achieves that when an extension telephone dials 200, Asterisk will transfer through channel 7 to the destination. While a call comes from PSTN line, Asterisk answers firstly, and then gets through to the extension set which connects to channel 1.
After saving your dialplan, please run “asterisk –r“, then execute “reload“ in the CLI. Next you are able to make calls.
Additional function
Users should run command “cat /proc/interrupts” to check A1610E/AE1610E has independent interrupt. If A1610E/AE1610E shares interrupt with other devices, it may cause some problems even cannot work normally. While A1610E/AE1610E allows users to modify interrupt pin during firmware upgrade for avoiding interrupt conflict.
3.4 EC Module
You can run the command “dmesg | grep VPM” to see if you have EC Module.
[root@localhost ~]# dmesg | grep VPM
OpenVox VPM: echo cancellation supports 32 channels
OpenVox VPM: echo cancellation for 32 channels
OpenVox VPM: hardware DTMF disabled.
OpenVox VPM: Present and operational servicing 1 span(s)
To enable the EC Module, you need to follow the steps below:
step 1: set the echocanceller=hwec like below.
#vim /etc/dahdi/system.conf
# Span 1: OPVXA24XX/24 “OpenVox A1610 Board 25” (MASTER)
fxoks=1
echocanceller=hwec,1
fxoks=2
echocanceller=hwec,2
fxoks=3
echocanceller=hwec,3
fxoks=4
echocanceller=hwec,4
fxsks=5
echocanceller=hwec,5
fxsks=6
echocanceller=hwec,6
fxsks=7
echocanceller=hwec,7
fxsks=8
echocanceller=hwec,8
# Global data
loadzone = cn
defaultzone = cn
step 2: Edit the file /etc/asterisk/chan_dahdi.conf and set echocancel=yes.
step 3: run the command “dahdi_cfg -vvv”.
when there is active calls, run the command “lsdahdi”, you will see the EC module has been used.
[root@localhost ~]# lsdahdi
### Span 1: OPVXA24XX/24 “OpenVox A1610 Board 25” (MASTER)
1 FXS FXOKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE)
2 FXS FXOKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE)
3 FXS FXOKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE)
4 FXS FXOKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE)
5 FXO FXSKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – ACTIVE)
6 FXO FXSKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE) RED
7 FXO FXSKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE) RED
8 FXO FXSKS (In use) (EC: HWEC – INACTIVE) RED
“EC: HWEC” means the EC module has been in use. And the “ACTIVE” means there is active calls on port 5.
Chapter 4 A(E)1610E Reference
www.openvox.cn
www.digium.com
www.asterisk.org
www.voip-info.org
www.asteriskguru.com
Tips
Any questions during installation please consult in our forum or look up for answers from the following websites:
Forum
wiki
Appendix A Specifications
• Weight and size
Weight: 129g (A1610E) 10g (EC module)
Size: 136.3×111.2×18mm3
• Interfaces
PCI-E Bus: Be compatible with standard PCI-E ×1, ×2, ×4, ×8, ×16
Power Supply Connector: 12V 4-pin connector
RJ45 connector
• Environment
Temperature: 0 ~ 50°C (Operation) -40 ~ 125°C (Storage)
Humidity: 10 ~ 90% NON-CONDENSING
• Power consumption
Power consuming: 8.21W Minimum, 88.24W Maximum
• Hardware and software requirements
RAM 128 + MB
Linux kernel 2.4.X or 2.6.X
CPU 800+ MHZ
Appendix B PIN Assignments
There are up to 4 FXS-400/FXO-400 modules on every A1610E/AE1610E, a module corresponds to a RJ45 port which A1610E/AE1610E takes 2 of 8 pins for a pair connector to your 4-pin or 6-pin telephone line, so each RJ45 socket is divided into 4 telephone lines by a splitter. Either 4-pin or 6-pin RJ11 port is compatible with the splitter, let’s illustrate pin assignments of RJ11and RJ45 port by the following tables and figure.
4-pin RJ11 port
| 4-pin RJ11 port | PIN | Description |
| 1 | Not used | |
| 2 | Tip | |
| 3 | Ring | |
| 4 | Not used |
6-pin RJ11 port
| 6-pin RJ11 port | PIN | Description |
| 1 | Not used | |
| 2 | Not used | |
| 3 | Tip | |
| 4 | Ring | |
| 5 | Not used | |
| 6 | Not used |
RJ45 interface
Splitter